4. Gallstones

The close of the 20th century saw endoscopy and laparoscopy evolve from passive optical tools into dynamic platforms that integrated real-time guidance, autonomous movement, and computational interpretation for navigation, diagnosis, and therapy. 

By the mid-20th century, endoscopy's long-standing challenge of safely illuminating internal structures was transformed by postwar advances—especially Harold Hopkins's 1950s rod-lens system, which enabled brighter, distortion-free, miniaturized imaging that could reliably guide c ...  Show more

Approach to workup of cholangitis, chronic cholecystitis, Gallstone Ileus, Cholangiocarcinoma including Klatskin tumor, Carcinoma of GB and Pancreas At the end some house-cleaning on iatrogenic complications of gallstone disease after ERCP and other procedures are discussed (incl ...  Show more

Send a textIn this episode, we discuss the clinical presentation, severity grading, investigations and management for patients presenting with cholecystitis or cholangitis. Our medicine minute discusses a promising new technique for patients with non-operative cholecystitis. Podc ...  Show more

Gallbladders – bread and butter cases or underestimated challenges? Join Dr. Patrick Georgoff and Dr. Shanaz Hossain as they sit down with Dr. Eric Knauer to discuss difficult gallbladders. In this episode, we discuss the SAGES Safe Cholecystectomy program that were created in an ...  Show more

Content covered in this episode includes: [0:41]: Question Dissection: A 45 year old man with no past medical history presents to the E.D. with abdominal pain and nausea and vomiting for the past three days.. [5:10] Gastroenterology chapter of S2S including questions like: - What ...  Show more