70. Urology 101: Kidney Stones

The close of the 20th century saw endoscopy and laparoscopy evolve from passive optical tools into dynamic platforms that integrated real-time guidance, autonomous movement, and computational interpretation for navigation, diagnosis, and therapy. 

By the mid-20th century, endoscopy's long-standing challenge of safely illuminating internal structures was transformed by postwar advances—especially Harold Hopkins's 1950s rod-lens system, which enabled brighter, distortion-free, miniaturized imaging that could reliably guide c ...  Show more

Kidney stones are urinary tract blockages known for causing a lot of pain, but it's the blockage itself (not the sharpness of the stones) that does it. Learn more in this episode of BrainStuff, based on this article: https://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/kidney-urin ...  Show more

This episode is the last from the Nephrology chapter of Crush Step 1. Topics discussed include: - Pathology (Cont.) Tubular and Interstitial Disorders Azotemia and Renal Failure Urinary Tract Infections Malignancies and Benign Tumors of the Urinary Tract Congenital and Inherited ...  Show more

Content covered in this episode includes: [0:40]: Question Dissection: A 32-year-old female presents to the E.D. writhing in pain... [3:27] Urology chapter of S2S including questions like: - How is renal cell carcinoma diagnosed and treated? - How do you recognize and manage acut ...  Show more

In this episode I cover interstitial kidney disease.

If you want to follow along with written notes on interstitial kidney disease go to https://zerotofinals.com/medicine/renal/interstitialki ...